National Summits and ConferencesNational Summits and Conferences

India's presidency of major multilateral forums highlighted its growing geopolitical influence, producing landmark declarations and global initiatives.

• 18th G20 Summit (New Delhi): Held on September 9-10, 2023, at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi. Theme: 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' or 'One Earth, One Family, One Future'. Key outcomes included the inclusion of the African Union as a permanent G20 member, the launch of the Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA), and the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) announcement.
• 23rd SCO Summit (Virtual): Hosted virtually by India on July 4, 2023. Theme: 'Towards a SECURE SCO' (where SECURE stands for Security, Economy, Connectivity, Unity, Respect, and Environment). Iran officially joined as the 9th permanent member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation during this summit.
• Voice of Global South Summit: India hosted the 1st (January 2023) and 2nd (November 2023) editions virtually. Theme of the 2nd summit: 'Together, for Everyone's Growth, with Everyone's Trust'. It aimed to channel the concerns of developing nations into the G20 agenda, establishing India as a leading voice for the Global South.
• Global Maritime India Summit 2023: Held in Mumbai, Maharashtra. PM Narendra Modi unveiled 'Amrit Kaal Vision 2047', a blueprint for the Indian maritime blue economy, targeting port capacity enhancement, sustainable shipping, and inland waterways development.

As a key focus area for the UPPSC and AHC RO/ARO exams, Uttar Pradesh has emerged as a major hub for national and international economic and cultural summits.

• UP Global Investors Summit (GIS) 2023: Held in Lucknow from February 10-12, 2023. Theme: 'Uttar Pradesh: New India's Growth Engine'. The summit attracted investment proposals worth over ₹33.50 lakh crore, with the renewable energy, electronics manufacturing, and industrial parks sectors receiving the highest share of intents.
• G20 Meetings in Uttar Pradesh: UP hosted 11 G20 meetings across four cities: Varanasi, Lucknow, Agra, and Greater Noida. Notable events included the G20 Development Ministers' Meeting in Varanasi (chaired by EAM S. Jaishankar) and the Digital Economy Working Group Meeting in Lucknow.
• International Temples Convention and Expo (ITCX) 2023: Held at the Rudraksh Convention Centre in Varanasi. It was the world's first event dedicated to temple management, safety, surveillance, and pilgrim facilitation, showcasing ancient heritage preservation using modern technology.
• 7th India Water Week (Greater Noida): Inaugurated by President Droupadi Murmu at India Expo Mart, Greater Noida. Theme: 'Water Security for Sustainable Development with Equity'. Denmark, Finland, and Germany participated as key partner countries.

Key national and international platforms focusing on scientific advancements, digital public infrastructure, and climate action policies.

• 108th Indian Science Congress (ISC): Hosted by Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Maharashtra. Theme: 'Science and Technology for Sustainable Development with Women Empowerment'. The event featured a 'Vigyan Jyoti' flame rally and a dedicated Children's Science Congress.
• Wings India 2024: Asia's largest event on Civil Aviation (Commercial, General, and Business Aviation) held at Begumpet Airport, Hyderabad. Theme: 'Connecting India to the World in Amrit Kaal: Setting the Stage for India Civil Aviation @2047'. Jointly organized by MoCA and FICCI.
• COP28 UN Climate Change Conference: Held in Dubai, UAE. Key outcomes included the operationalization of the 'Loss and Damage Fund' to assist vulnerable nations, and the historic 'UAE Consensus' calling for transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems.

Key global forums where India played a decisive role in shaping international policy, economic cooperation, and regional security.

• 15th & 16th BRICS Summits: The 15th Summit (Johannesburg, South Africa, 2023) announced the historic expansion of BRICS. The 16th Summit (Kazan, Russia, October 2024) was the first to feature new members: Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the UAE. Focus remained on local currency trade and multipolarity.
• Quad Leaders' Summit 2024: Hosted by US President Joe Biden in Wilmington, Delaware. Leaders of India, US, Japan, and Australia discussed Indo-Pacific maritime security, launching the 'Quad Indo-Pacific Logistics Network' and 'Cancer Moonshot' initiative.
• 43rd ASEAN Summit: Held in Jakarta, Indonesia. Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended the 20th ASEAN-India Summit and the 18th East Asia Summit, presenting a 12-point proposal to strengthen India-ASEAN cooperation in digital transformation, trade, and security.