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Poverty Alleviation ProgramsPoverty Alleviation Programs

Comprehensive study guide on Poverty Alleviation Programs (Indian Polity, Economy & Culture) for Allahabad High Court RO/ARO and UPSC. Access notes, Practice Zone (50 Qs), and Live Mock Test.Comprehensive study guide on Poverty Alleviation Programs (Indian Polity, Economy & Culture) for Allahabad High Court RO/ARO and UPSC. Access notes, Practice Zone (50 Qs), and Live Mock Test.

Mediumमध्यम 60 min totalकुल 60 मिनट

Chronological Evolution of Poverty Alleviation Programs

Click on any milestone card below to view standardizing achievements and timeline parameters.

Poverty Alleviation Programs Core Study Notes

Poverty Alleviation Programs are crucial for the Allahabad High Court RO/ARO and UPPSC examinations, forming an essential component of socio-economic development and welfare policy questions. Candidates must master constitutional mandates, key historical schemes, institutional frameworks, and multidimensional poverty indices.

Constitutional Mandate & Institutional Framework

The Indian Constitution lays down foundational principles for welfare and poverty eradication under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).

Article 38 (DPSP): Directs the State to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting a social order in which justice—social, economic, and political—informs all institutions of national life.
Article 39(a) & 39(b): Mandates that citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood, and that ownership and control of material resources are distributed to best subserve the common good.
NITI Aayog & MPI: NITI Aayog acts as the nodal agency for calculating India's National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), based on 12 indicators aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Ministry of Rural Development: The apex union ministry responsible for implementing major poverty alleviation and livelihood generation programs in rural areas.

Committee	Year	Key Recommendation / Criteria
Alagh Committee	1979	Constructed poverty line based on calorie intake (2100 kcal for urban, 2400 kcal for rural).
Lakdawala Committee	1993	Used Consumer Price Index for Industrial Workers (CPI-IL) and CPI-AL for state-level poverty lines.
Tendulkar Committee	2009	Shifted from calorie consumption to monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE) incorporating health and education.
Rangarajan Committee	2014	Raised poverty lines; recommended monthly per capita expenditure of ₹1,407 in urban and ₹972 in rural areas.

Major Employment & Livelihood Generation Programs

Employment generation programs are designed to provide wage employment or self-employment opportunities to alleviate rural and urban poverty.

MGNREGA (2005): Guarantees 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work; administered under Ministry of Rural Development.
Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - NRLM: National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) aims to organize rural poor women into Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and provide continuous financial support and capacity building.
Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - NULM: National Urban Livelihoods Mission focuses on reducing poverty and vulnerability of urban poor households by enabling access to self-employment and skilled wage employment.
Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP): A credit-linked subsidy program aimed at generating self-employment opportunities through micro-enterprises in non-farm sector, implemented by KVIC.

Social Security & Welfare Schemes

Targeted social security schemes act as safety nets against economic shocks, healthcare emergencies, and vulnerability among marginalized groups.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY): National mission for financial inclusion launched in 2014, providing universal access to banking services, overdraft facility, and RuPay debit card with accident insurance.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): Aimed at providing 'Housing for All' through PMAY-Urban and PMAY-Gramin, ensuring pucca houses with basic civic amenities to eligible beneficiaries.
Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY): Launched in 2016 to provide clean cooking fuel (LPG connections) to women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) households, improving health and environment.
Ayushman Bharat - PMJAY: World's largest health assurance scheme providing health cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization to poor and vulnerable families.