Wildlife Resources

An area designated for the protection of wild animals and their habitat, where limited human activities like grazing may be permitted under statutory control.

A protected area strictly reserved for the betterment of wildlife and biodiversity, where private human activity, grazing, and forestry are completely prohibited.

Large areas of representative ecosystems internationally recognized under UNESCO's MAB program, divided into core, buffer, and transition zones.

A centrally sponsored tiger conservation program launched in April 1973 from Jim Corbett National Park to ensure a viable population of Bengal tigers.

Launched in 1992 by the Ministry of Environment and Forests to financially and technically support state efforts in managing and protecting wild elephants and their corridors.

Plant and animal species that are native to and restricted to a specific geographic region and found nowhere else on Earth.

A biogeographic region characterized both by exceptional levels of plant endemism and by serious levels of habitat loss, conceptualized by Norman Myers.

Strips of natural habitat connecting wildlife populations separated by human-developed infrastructure or agricultural land, vital for genetic diversity.

An international agreement between governments ensuring that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.

The document established by the IUCN that provides public records and state evaluations of rare and endangered plant and animal species of a country or state.

Protected areas in India that act as buffer zones to or connectors and migration corridors between established national parks and sanctuaries, managed by local communities.

The inner, legally protected zone of a biosphere reserve where human activity is strictly prohibited to preserve undisturbed ecosystems.

Areas notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change around Protected Areas to act as a shock absorber for the protected habitats.

Core areas of tiger reserves mandated under the Wildlife Protection Amendment Act to be kept inviolate for tiger conservation purposes.

Provides the legal framework for the protection of wild animals, birds, and plants, establishing schedules of protected species and the creation of sanctuaries and national parks across India.

Regulates the indiscriminate diversion of forest land for non-forest uses, ensuring central government approval for de-reservation of forests to safeguard wildlife habitats.

An umbrella legislation enacted in the wake of the Bhopal disaster empowering the central government to coordinate actions of state agencies, set standards, and protect environmental quality.

Aims at the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of its components, and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of biological resources through Biodiversity Management Committees.

Explains biodiversity dynamics in fragmented habitats and protected areas, establishing that species richness on islands or habitat patches depends on immigration and extinction rates relative to size and isolation.