Active and Passive Voice: Rules, Tense Conversion & Elimination Shortcuts
Master voice transformations across all 8 convertible tenses, modal auxiliaries, imperative commands, and interrogatives for SSC CGL Tier 1 & Tier 2.
Active & Passive Voice: Rules, Formulas and High-Yield Strategiesकर्तृवाच्य एवं कर्मवाच्य: नियम, सूत्र एवं उच्च-अंक रणनीतियाँ
1. Core Concept & The Universal Conversion Formula 1. मूल अवधारणा एवं सार्वभौमिक रूपांतरण सूत्र
In an Active Voice sentence, the grammatical subject performs the action (Subject + Verb + Object). In a Passive Voice sentence, the grammatical subject receives the action (Object + be-verb + V3 + by + Subject).
कर्तृवाच्य (Active): कर्ता स्वयं कार्य करता है। कर्मवाच्य (Passive): क्रिया का फल कर्म पर पड़ता है, और कर्ता गौण हो जाता है।
Universal Passive Formula: Subject (original object) + Helping Verb (be-form) + V3 (Past Participle) + Preposition (by/with/at) + Object (original subject)
2. Comprehensive 8-Tense Transformation Matrix 2. संपूर्ण 8-काल रूपांतरण तालिका
| Tense (काल) | Active Voice Structure | Passive Voice Structure | Exam Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | S + V1/V5 + O | O + is/am/are + V3 + by + S | She writes letters → Letters are written by her. |
| Present Continuous | S + is/am/are + V4 + O | O + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + S | They are making tea → Tea is being made by them. |
| Present Perfect | S + has/have + V3 + O | O + has/have + been + V3 + by + S | He has won the prize → The prize has been won by him. |
| Simple Past | S + V2 + O | O + was/were + V3 + by + S | The police caught the thief → The thief was caught by the police. |
| Past Continuous | S + was/were + V4 + O | O + was/were + being + V3 + by + S | She was baking a cake → A cake was being baked by her. |
| Past Perfect | S + had + V3 + O | O + had + been + V3 + by + S | I had completed it → It had been completed by me. |
| Simple Future | S + will/shall + V1 + O | O + will/shall + be + V3 + by + S | We will invite him → He will be invited by us. |
| Future Perfect | S + will/shall have + V3 + O | O + will/shall have + been + V3 + by + S | They will have built it → It will have been built by them. |
3. Special Sentence Types: Imperative, Interrogative & Modals 3. विशिष्ट वाक्य प्रकार: आज्ञासूचक, प्रश्नवाचक एवं मोडल क्रियाएं
- Modals (can, could, may, might, must, should): Active:
S + modal + V1 + O→ Passive:O + modal + be + V3 + by + S. (e.g., You must obey the law → The law must be obeyed by you). - Imperatives (Orders/Commands): Active:
V1 + O→ Passive:Let + O + be + V3orYou are ordered/requested to + V1 + O. (e.g., Shut the door → Let the door be shut). - Imperatives (Moral Advice): Active:
Help the poor→ Passive:The poor should be helped. - Interrogatives starting with 'Who': Active:
Who broke this mirror?→ Passive:By whom was this mirror broken?(orWho was this mirror broken by?). - Prepositional Verbs: Never drop the preposition attached to the verb! (e.g., Active: They laughed at the beggar → Passive: The beggar was laughed at by them).
- Fixed Prepositions (Instead of 'by'):
- Known / Married → to (e.g. I know him → He is known to me).
- Surprised / Shocked / Astonished → at (e.g. His behavior surprised me → I was surprised at his behavior).
- Pleased / Satisfied / Disgusted → with (e.g. Your work pleased me → I was pleased with your work).
Practice Questions (15 Bilingual MCQs)अभ्यास प्रश्न (15 द्विभाषी बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न)
Click any option to reveal immediate verification, detailed grammatical/logical breakdown, and shortcut tips.तुरंत सही उत्तर, विस्तृत व्याकरण/तार्किक व्याख्या और शॉर्टकट देखने के लिए विकल्प चुनें।
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice:
She cleans the room every day.
दिए गए वाक्य का कर्मवाच्य (पैसिव वॉइस) रूप चुनें:
She cleans the room every day.
Change the voice:
The carpenter made a wooden chair.
वाच्य बदलें:
The carpenter made a wooden chair.
Choose the correct passive voice:
Who composed this beautiful song?
सही पैसिव वॉइस चुनें:
Who composed this beautiful song?
Identify the passive voice for the imperative sentence:
Do not plucking flowers. (or Do not pluck the flowers.)
आदेशात्मक वाक्य का पैसिव रूप पहचानें:
Do not pluck the flowers.
Select the correct passive transformation:
His strange conduct astonished everybody.
सही पैसिव रूपांतरण चुनें:
His strange conduct astonished everybody.
SSC CGL Tier 1 & Tier 2 Previous Year Questionsएसएससी सीजीएल टियर 1 एवं टियर 2 विगत वर्ष प्रश्न
Authentic past examination questions from recent SSC CGL cycles with official answer keys and marking schemes.नवीनतम एसएससी सीजीएल चक्रों के वास्तविक प्रश्न आधिकारिक उत्तर कुंजी एवं व्याख्या सहित।
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice:
The chef prepared a sumptuous meal for the royal guests.
दिए गए वाक्य का पैसिव वॉइस रूप चुनें:
The chef prepared a sumptuous meal for the royal guests.
Change the voice:
One should keep one’s promises.
वाच्य बदलें:
One should keep one’s promises.
Timed Topic Mini Test: Active and Passive Voiceसमयबद्ध विषय मिनी टेस्ट: Active and Passive Voice
Simulate authentic SSC CGL test conditions with instant negative marking (-0.50 marks) and final accuracy analytics.नकारात्मक अंकन (-0.50 अंक) और सटीकता विश्लेषण के साथ वास्तविक परीक्षा अनुभव प्राप्त करें।