Compare the courses
What is the difference between IB Math AA and AI?
Both courses build mathematical understanding, but their emphasis and exam technology rules differ. The current IB curriculum offers each course at SL and HL.
| Aspect | Analysis and Approaches (AA) | Applications and Interpretation (AI) |
|---|---|---|
| Main emphasis | Algebraic methods, mathematical structure, reasoning and analysis of functions and calculus. | Mathematical modelling, statistics, interpretation of results and applications in context. |
| Typical work | Manipulating expressions, constructing arguments, analysing functions and solving abstract or contextual problems. | Choosing a model, using data and technology, interpreting outputs, and evaluating whether a result makes sense in context. |
| Technology in examinations | For the current syllabus, Paper 1 is completed without technology and Paper 2 uses technology. HL also has Paper 3. | For the current syllabus, technology is required in the external papers. HL also has Paper 3. |
| Internal assessment | Both courses include an individual Mathematical Exploration. | Both courses include an individual Mathematical Exploration. |
| Questions to ask yourself | Do I enjoy symbolic work, algebraic reasoning and following a solution without a calculator? | Do I enjoy data, modelling, technology-supported investigation and interpreting results in context? |
Make a considered choice
How should I choose?
- Start with the mathematics you enjoy and the way you prefer to solve problems. A course label alone does not predict the grade you will earn.
- Check entry requirements for the specific university programmes you may apply to. Requirements vary by country, institution, course and year; do not rely on a blanket rule that AA or AI is always accepted or required.
- Discuss your choice with your IB mathematics teacher or school coordinator, especially if you are deciding between SL and HL or balancing your other Diploma Programme subjects.
- Do not choose based only on which course is said to be easier. AA and AI emphasize different kinds of reasoning and both require consistent practice.
Assessment snapshot
How do the exams differ?
In the current syllabus, SL students sit two external papers and complete the Mathematical Exploration; HL students sit three. AA and AI differ in paper format and technology rules. Check the subject guide for your exam session. The current syllabus has its final assessment in November 2028; the new curriculum is first assessed in 2029.
Common questions
AA vs AI FAQs
Is IB Math AA harder than AI?
There is no universal answer. AA puts more weight on algebraic reasoning and analysis; AI puts more weight on modelling, statistics, technology and interpretation. Difficulty depends on a student's strengths and preparation.
Can AI lead to a STEM degree?
Some STEM programmes accept AI and others specify a course or level. Requirements vary, so check the current admissions page for each programme you are considering.
Do AA and AI both have SL and HL?
Yes. Both courses are offered at Standard Level and Higher Level. Students take one DP Mathematics course.
Check the official course information
Course descriptions and assessment rules can change by syllabus session. Confirm your course choice and examination requirements with your school and the official IB materials.
This independent guide is not affiliated with or endorsed by the International Baccalaureate.